How to become a data scientist

Develop and implement a set of techniques or analytics applications to transform raw data into meaningful information using data-oriented programming languages and visualization software. Apply data mining, data modeling, natural language processing, and machine learning to extract and analyze information from large structured and unstructured datasets. Visualize, interpret, and report data findings. May create dynamic data reports.

Steps to get there

Most employers expect most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not..A considerable amount of work-related skill, knowledge, or experience is needed for these occupations. For example, an accountant must complete four years of college and work for several years in accounting to be considered qualified.

What data scientists do

• Analyze, manipulate, or process large sets of data using statistical software.
• Create graphs, charts, or other visualizations to convey the results of data analysis using specialized software.
• Test, validate, and reformulate models to ensure accurate prediction of outcomes of interest.
• Deliver oral or written presentations of the results of mathematical modeling and data analysis to management or other end users.
• Recommend data-driven solutions to key stakeholders.
• Identify business problems or management objectives that can be addressed through data analysis.

Skills that matter most

• Mathematics
• Critical Thinking
• Reading Comprehension
• Speaking
• Active Learning
• Active Listening
• Writing
• Monitoring

Is data scientist a good career?

On the numbers, this job pays above the typical job. Median pay is 136% above the all-occupation median. Whether it fits you depends on the work itself, the schooling you are willing to do and where you want to live.

Where it pays most

• Washington $163,350
• California $141,590
• Maryland $136,370
• New Jersey $135,280
• Massachusetts $131,750

Data Scientists salary by state and city

Sources: O*NET® 31.0 (CC BY 4.0, USDOL/ETA) and BLS Employment Projections 2025–35. Pay: BLS OEWS May 2025.